Bearings and Types of Bearings:
Bearing: A bearing is a machine element which supports another moving machine element. bearing permits the relative motion between the contact surface of the member while carrying the load.
In order to reduce the friction and wear bearings are used. and they are with high precision and very smooth surface. Leonardo da Vinci designed the bearings around the 16th century. The British inventor who has a patent on ball bearings. Bearings require less maintenance and they have more durability and reliability.
Bearings should withstand for loads imposed on it and they must be high rigidity to carry huge remarkable loads with high efficiency and less friction. When there are huge loads applied on bearings they may get some distortion, to get into its original position the material of bearing made should contain elastic properties. For reducing the bearing damage it should be a low coefficient of friction. This elements are used in every rotational link in automobiles, machine tools, vehicles etc..
Bearings are made by stainless steel, chrome steel, ceramic, brass etc.The most common made bearings are stainless steel this is due to high corrosion resistance and high strength.
Depending upon the type of contact:
- Sliding Contact.
- Rolling Contact.
Sliding Contact Bearing:
- If the contact between the two surfaces in the form of sliding contact then it is called a sliding contact bearing.
Rolling Contact Bearing:
- If there is a rolling contact between journal and bearing then it is called as rolling contact bearing.
Types of Bearings:
There are different types of bearings Depending upon the direction of load to be supported. They are listed as follows.
Radial Bearings:
- In radial bearings, the load acts perpendicular to the axis of rotation to the journal.
Axial or Thrust Bearings:
- In this type of bearings load acts along the axis of rotation of the journal.
Journal Bearing:
- Journal Bearing is a kind of comprehensive bearing, which has a shaft, by this bearing is used to rotate freely by using shaft by the support of shell.
- This operation is difficult. but simple in design. this is highly used where the load is low.
- this type of bearing is more accurate alignment. this improves the shaft stability. this required oil cooling when it is required.
Ball Bearings:
- Balls are used as rolling element this is a round or circular shape.
Deep-Groove Ball Bearings:
- This is a highly used one, the design is easy and low maintenance is required. this is more useful for high speed.
Angular Contact Ball Bearing:
- This can be used to both radial and axial loads. it has two raceways one is inner and another is outer. In this, there are two types, single row angular contact bearing and double row angular contact bearing.
Thrust Ball Bearing:
- It has two bearing discs, this can withstand high axial loads. this can work for high speed but required oil lubrication.
Roller Bearings:
- This is worked by line contact by this it can withstand to high loads than ball bearings.
Spherical Roller Bearing:
- It has spherical rollers and this can support high radial loads and axial loads.
Cylindrical Roller Bearing:
- It has a different number of rollers like 1 2,4. This is used for high speeds which can support radial loads. this is high stiffness.
Tapered Roller Bearing:
- This has conical rollers, which has linear contact, this can support high loads with axial and radial forces.
